Everyone can be affected by alcohol. Its impact mainly depends on the amount of alcohol consumed, age and health status. Excessive drinking can cause many short-term and long-term health effects, including your physical and mental health. It also affects your work, finances, family, and community [1].

In the United States, alcohol is the second most consumed substance after tobacco. According to the 2019 National Drug Use and Health Survey, Americans 18 and older drink alcohol at some point in their lives [2].

Excessive and moderate drinking

alcoholism:

Including two forms of overeating and heavy eating

 Binge eating refers to women drinking 4 or more alcoholic drinks at a time and men drinking 5 or more alcoholic drinks at a time.

 Alcoholism includes women drinking 8 or more times a week, and men drinking 15 or more times a week.

Drink moderately:

According to American dietary guidelines, young people of legal age can choose to drink moderately or not. Moderate drinking includes women drinking 1 time or less per day, and men drinking 2 times or less per day [3].

Standard alcohol volume:

In the United States, the standard drinking volume is 0.6 ounces (14.0 ml or 1.2 tablespoons) of pure wine. And this pure form exists in

 12 ounces or 350 milliliters of beer (5% alcohol content)

 8 ounces or 230 milliliters of malt liquor (7% alcohol content)

 5 ounces or 150 milliliters of wine (12% alcohol content)

 1.5 ounces or 44 milliliters of distilled spirits of 80% (40% alcohol content) such as gin, rum, vodka and whiskey.

Short-term effects of alcohol:

In the short term, excessive drinking at one time can make people

 Feel happy, happy, and socially capable in a short period of time.

 Talkative and more confident

 Slurred speech

 Nausea and vomiting

 Inability to walk without any assistance

 Accidental injury

 A traffic accident occurred

 Alcoholism

 Hangover

 Long-term effects of alcohol:

The long-term effects of alcohol use exceeding the recommended guidelines can lead to many serious and chronic health problems.

 Heart problems such as high blood pressure and stroke.

 Liver and gastrointestinal problems.

 Liver cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, laryngeal cancer, oral cavity cancer and rectal cancer.

 A compromised immune system increases the risk of illness.

 Depression and anxiety.

 Poor learning and memory loss problems, such as poor performance in school

 Social issues such as family issues, unemployment and work-related issues, financial issues, and homelessness.

By reducing or not using alcohol, you can reduce the risk of these short-term and long-term health problems [3] [4].

 Dietary Guidelines for Alcohol Users:

 Drink other alcoholic beverages in moderation.

Always keep a record of the amount of alcohol you drink

 Do not drink alcoholic beverages on an empty stomach.

 Increase the intake of fruits and vegetables in the diet.

 Must focus on hydration, drink 7-8 glasses of water a day

 Protein deficiency is very common among alcohol drinkers. Make sure to consume more protein in your diet, such as eggs, chicken, meat, beans, legumes, legumes, and nuts.

 Prefer whole grains to refined grains and consume healthy fat sources such as olive oil[5][6]

References:

1-Austrailian Government Department of Health. (2020, December 9). What are the effects of alcohol? Retrieved November 6, 2021, from Austrailian Government Department of Health: https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/alcohol/about-alcohol/what-are-the-effects-of-alcohol

2-Stacy Mosel, L. (2021, October 26). The Effects of Alcoholon your body:side effects , danger and health risk. Retrieved November 6, 2021, from American Addiction Centers: https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/body-effects

3-CDC. (2021, May 11). Alcohol Use and Your Health. Retrieved November 6, 2021, from CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/alcohol-use.htm

4-Pietrangelo, A. (2018, September 28). The Effects of Alcohol on Your Body. Retrieved November 6, 2021, from healthline: https://www.healthline.com/health/alcohol/effects-on-body

5-The Recovery Village. (2021, October 8). Best Diet & Types of Foods to Eat for Alcohol Detox. Retrieved November 6, 2021, from The Recovery Village: https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/alcohol-abuse/withdrawal-detox/the-best-diet-for-alcohol-

6-Beer Policy. (n.d.). Dietary Guidelines. Retrieved from Beer Policy: https://www.beerinstitute.org/beer-policy/regulatory/dietary-guidelines/